A mole of X reacts at a constant pressure of 43.0 atm via the reaction X(g)+4Y(g)→2Z(g), ΔH∘=−75.0 kJ Before the reaction, the volume of the gaseous mixture was 5.00 L. After the reaction, the volume was 2.00 L. Calculate the value of the total energy change, ΔE, in kilojoules.

The total energy change, ΔE, in kilojoules = -61.93 kJ

Explanation:

Relationship between ΔH, ΔE and work done is given by first law of thermodynamics.

ΔE = ΔH - PΔV

Where,

ΔH = Change in enthalpy

ΔE = Change in internal energy

PΔV = Work done

Given that,

ΔH = -75.0 kJ = -75000 J

P = 43.0 atm

ΔV = Final volume - initial volume

    = (2.00 - 5.00) = -3.00 L

PΔV = 43 × (-3.00) = -129 L atm

1 L atm = 101.325 J

-129 L atm = 129 × 101.325 = -13071 J

So ,

ΔE = ΔH - PΔV

     = (-75000 J) - ( -13071 J)

     =  -75000 J + 13071 J

     = -61929 J

Total energy change, ΔE = -61.929 kJ

answer: option (4) is the correct answer.

explanation:

areas which are at low altitudes and near the equator tend to receive direct sunlight from the sun. hence, heat energy or radiations from the sun make these areas warmer and they have warmest water.

whereas areas which are at high altitudes and away from the equator do no receive direct sunlight. hence, no direct contact from the sun makes these regions colder and thus, they have colder water.

thus, we can conclude that the statement areas at low latitudes near the equator have the warmest water because they receive the most direct sunlight best explains the relationship between an area's geography and the temperature of its surface water.