How much chalcopyrite had to be mined to produce 100 pennies if reaction 1 had a percent yield of 83.00 % and all other reaction steps had yield of 100%?

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since the atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus, as we move to the left on the periodic table, the electrostatic pull between the nucleus and the valence electron shell decreases. as we move down a group (vertical column), the valence shell energy level gets further and further from the nucleus.