High-density polyethylene may be chlorinated by inducing the random substitution of chlorine atoms for hydrogen. Determine the concentration of Cl (in wt%) that must be added if this substitution occurs for 6% of all the original hydrogen atoms.

Explanation:

Let us assume that 50 carbon atoms are available with possible 100 site bondings. It is given here that 94% are occupied by hydrogen (94 out of 100) and 6% (6 out of 100) are occupied by chlorine atom.

Therefore, moles of carbon = 50

                  moles of hydrogen = 94

                  moles of chlorine = 6

Therefore,

  Mass of 50 carbon atoms = = 600.5 g/mol

  Mass of 94 hydrogen atoms = = 94.752 g/mol

  Mass of 6 chlorine atoms = = 212.7 g/mol

Therefore, concentration of chlorine is as follows.

                         =

                         = 23.42%

thus, we can conclude that the concentration of Cl is 23.42%.

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