Aqueous sulfuric acid reacts with solid sodium hydroxide to produce aqueous sodium sulfate and liquid water . If of water is produced from the reaction of of sulfuric acid and of sodium hydroxide, calculate the percent yield of water.

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Aqueous sulfuric acid reacts with solid sodium hydroxide to produce aqueous sodium sulfate and liquid water. If 12.5 g of water is produced from the reaction of 72.6 g of sulfuric acid and 77.0 g of sodium hydroxide, calculate the percent yield of water. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits in it.

The percent yield of water in the reaction is 46.85 %.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

    .....(1)

Given mass of NaOH = 77.0 g

Molar mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

Given mass of sulfuric acid = 72.6 g

Molar mass of sulfuric acid = 98 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

The chemical equation for the reaction of NaOH and sulfuric acid follows:

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of sulfuric acid reacts with 2 moles of NaOH

So, 0.741 moles of sulfuric acid will react with = of NaOH

As, given amount of NaOH is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.

Thus, sulfuric acid is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.

By Stoichiometry of the reaction:

1 mole of sulfuric acid produces 2 moles of water

So, 0.741 moles of sulfuric acid will produce = of water

Now, calculating the mass of water from equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

Moles of water = 1.482 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

To calculate the percentage yield of water, we use the equation:

Experimental yield of water = 12.5 g

Theoretical yield of water = 26.68 g

Putting values in above equation, we get:

Hence, the percent yield of water in the reaction is 46.85 %.