In the Fischer esterification reaction, a carboxylic acid reacts with an excess of alcohol in acidic conditions to form an ester. During the reaction the sp2 hybridized carbonyl carbon of the acid forms an sp3 hybridized intermediate before returning to sp2 hybridization in the product. Draw the structure of the neutral sp3 hybridized intermediate and the ester product in the reaction between pentanoic acid and n-propanol.

a non redox reaction occurs when there is not a transfer of electrons. for redox reactions, which are reduction-oxidation reactions, a change in the oxidation number occurs. elements that are reduced gain electrons, and elements that are oxidized lose electrons.

explanation:

answer : a model is often used to explain and make things easier to understand when any scientific topic needs to be demonstrated and explained.

as in this case where a scientist wants to use a model to present the results of his detailed scientific investigation. he should do it as it will him to make the audience understand the concept in a much better way. also, it can be changed according to new scientific understandings.

the answer is option a.