Butanedione, a component of butter and body odor, has a cheesy smell. Elemental analysis of butanedione gave the mass percent composition: C, 55.80%; H, 7.03%; O, 37.17%. The molar mass of butanedione is 86.09 g/mol. Determine the molecular formula of butanedione.

The answer to your question is       C₄H₆O₂

Explanation:

Data

C = 55.80%

H = 7.03 %

O = 37.17 %

Molar mass = 86.09 g/mol

Molecular formula = ?

Process

1.- Express the percents as grams

C = 55.80g

H = 7.03g

O = 37.17g

2.- Convert the grams to moles

Carbon

                                  12 g of C 1 mol

                                  55.80 g   x

                                  x = (55.80 x 1)/12

                                  x = 4.65 moles

Hydrogen

                                  1 g of H  1 mol

                                  7.03 g      x

                                 x = 7.03 moles

Oxygen

                                  16 g of O 1 mol

                                   37.17 g    x

                                   x = 2.32 moles

3.- Divide by the lowest number of moles

Carbon          4.65/2.32 = 2

Hydrogen      7.03/2.32 = 3

Oxygen          2.32/2.32 = 1

4.- Write the empirical formula

                          C₂H₃O

5.- Calculate the molar mass of the empirical formula

    C₂H₃O  = (12 x 2) + (3 x 1) + (16 x 1) = 24 + 3 + 16 = 43 g

6.- Divide the molar mass of butanedione by the molar mass of the empirical formula

                           86.09/43 = 2

7.- Multiply the empirical formula by two

                          C₄H₆O₂

answer: the rate of diffusion increases with increase in temperature.

increase in temperature, increases the molecular/particles speed (kinetic energy. diffusion means movement of particles through the material.

generally, the heavier the particle the more it interacts with the environment and more the temperature matters. so higher temperature results in higher diffusion.