In aldehydes, the carbonyl carbon atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom, whereas in ketones the carbonyl carbon atom is bonded to another carbon atom.

Determine which of the following statements are true.

a. Ketones have lower boiling points than alcohols of similar size

b. Aldehydes with more than five carbon atoms are soluble in water, but not organic solvents.

c. Butanal has a higher boiling point than 2-butanol

d. Aldehydes contain a carbon-oxygen double bond.

e. Both aldehydes and ketones can hydrogen bond with water molecules.

f. Propanal is a gas at room temperature, whereas formaldehyde (methanal) is a liquid at room temperature.

A,D,E,F

Explanation:

A.Ketones generally have lower boiling points in relation to alcohols because of the intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

D.Aldehyde group is known for this C=O group in which Carbon has a double bond with Oxygen.

E. Aldehydes and Ketones can’t hydrogen bond with each other but they can hydrogen bond with water

F. Formaldehyde used in the laboratory for preservation is a liquid at room temperature while propanol which has more carbon is gaseous

B is wrong because as the Carbon increases the solubility in water decreases

C is wrong because 2-butanol has a bp of 100 degree celsius while butanal has a bp of around 74.

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