Calculate the change in molar Gibbs energy of carbon dioxide (treated as a perfect gas) at 20 oc when its pressure is changed isothermally from 1.0 bar to (a) 3.0 bar. (b) 2.7 x 10-4 atm. its partial pressure in dry air at sea level.

Sorry i dont understand the question can you rephase it?

The breaking apart of glucose, which involves spontaneous reactions 

Vander waals forces are inter molecular bonds that exist within molecules of the same substance. a water molecule is made up of oxygen and hydrogen atoms which share electrons between each other. the vander waals forces are forces that exist between multitude of different  molecules of water. dipole dipole forces is the type of vander waals force that exist in water. the oxygen atom which is more electronegative pulls the shared electron closer to itself thus generating a partial negative charge while the hydrogen acquire a partial positive charge. these two different charges causes attraction to occur in water molecules.