A procedure that is often used to separate molecules by using their molecular charges is called .

Electrophoresis

Explanation:

the procedure is usually used in life science laboratories to separate nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), which are negatively charged. An electric current at a certain voltage is passed through the electrophoresis tank containing the buffer. molecules to be separated are filled in the wells of a solidified gel ( usually agarose gel).As the current passes, the charged molecules move to opposite electrodes. The movement of molecules in in the gel also depends on the size of the molecules.

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the answer is na (sodium)