Write the formula of the conjugate base for the following acids: Acid Conjugate base (a) HNO2 (b) H2SO4 (c) H2S (d) HCN (e) HCOOH

                     Answers are in the examples of Conjugate Base.

Explanation:

                    Conjugate Acid is a specie which is formed when a base abstract or picks a proton (H⁺).

Example:

               NH₃  +  HCl   →  NH₄⁺  +  Cl⁻

In this example Ammonia (NH₃) is a base which after reacting with acid forms the conjugate acid (NH₄⁺).

                    Conjugate Base is a specie which is formed when an acid looses / donates its proton (H⁺) to a base.

Example:

(a)

               B  +  HNO₃   →  BH⁺  +  NO₃⁻

In this example HNO₃ (Nitric Acid) is the acid which on reaction with base forms the conjugate base ( NO₃⁻) called nitrate.

(b)

               B  +  H₂SO₄   →  BH⁺  +  HSO₄⁻

               B  +  HSO₄⁻   →   BH⁺  +  SO₄⁻

In this example H₂SO₄ (Sulfuric Acid) is the acid which on reaction with base forms the conjugate bases ( HSO₄⁻ and SO₄⁻) respectively.

(c)

               B  +  H₂S   →  BH⁺  +  HS⁻

In this example H₂S (Hydrogen Sulfide) is the acid which on reaction with base forms the conjugate base HS⁻.

(c)

               B  +  HCOOH   →  BH⁺  +  HCOO⁻

In this example HCOOH (Formic Acid) is the acid which on reaction with base forms the conjugate base HCOO⁻ called formate ion.

the dissociation of nickel hydroxide is follows:

the concentration of hydroxide ion is

the equilibrium constant value of nickel hydroxide is = 6.1 * 10^-^1^6 and thus equilibrium equation can be written as:

thus, concentration of ni is 0.23 * 10^-^4 mol /l