Why is it valid to assume most chemical reactions are done under constant pressure, allowing the analyst to simply assume the heat of a chemical reaction is the change in enthalpy?

Which of the following is an example of physical change not a chemical change? a) a log gives off heat and light as it burns. b) a tree stores energy from the sun in its fruit. c) a penny lost in the grass slowly changes color. d) a water pipe freezes and cracks on a cold night.

Hey guys so i need to know what is _nh3+> nh4oh ~chemistry~

Achemistry student needs to standardize a fresh solution of sodium hydroxide. he carefully weighs out of oxalic acid , a diprotic acid that can be purchased inexpensively in high purity, and dissolves it in of distilled water. the student then titrates the oxalic acid solution with his sodium hydroxide solution. when the titration reaches the equivalence point, the student finds he has used of sodium hydroxide solution.calculate the molarity of the student's sodium hydroxide solution. be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.