Calculate the adjusted retention times for both pentafluorobenzene and benzene if the elution time for unretained solute is 1.06 minute.

a) 12.98 min for pentafluorobenzene and 11.92 min for benzene
b) 13.20 min for pentafluorobenzene and 12.14 min for benzene

Pentafluorobenzene: 11,92 min

Benzene: 12,14 min

Explanation:

Retention time of pentafluorobenzene is 12,98 min and 13,20 min of benzene.

The adjusted retention time is the time an analyte spends in the column not the stationary phase. As time of unretained solute is 1,06 min the adjusted retention time for an analyte is:

tr' = tr - 1,06min

For pentafluorobenzene:

tr' = 12,98min - 1,06min = 11,92 min

For benzene:

tr' = 13,20 - 1,06min = 12,14 min

I hope it helps!

the dissociation of nickel hydroxide is follows:

the concentration of hydroxide ion is

the equilibrium constant value of nickel hydroxide is = 6.1 * 10^-^1^6 and thus equilibrium equation can be written as:

thus, concentration of ni is 0.23 * 10^-^4 mol /l