Both cis- and trans-2-methylcyclohexanol undergo dehydration in warm sulfuric acid to give 1- methylcyclohexene as the major alkene product. these alcohols can also be converted to alkenes by tosylation using tscl and pyridine, followed by elimination using koc(ch3)3 as a strong base. under these basic conditions, the tosylate of cis-2-methylcyclohexanol eliminates to give mostly 1- methylcyclohexene, but the tosylate of trans-2-methylcyclohexanol eliminates to give only 3- methylcyclohexene. explain how this stereochemical difference in reactants controls a regiochemical difference in the products of the basic elimination, but not in the acid-catalyzed elimination.

it can be observed without changing the identity of the object.

it depends on what substance you're talking about as well as many other factors. in quantum mechanics, the observation of particles affects the observers ability to measure certain properties. for example: you can know the velocity of a particle, but you can't know it's position; or you can know it's position, but not it's velocity. it's like trying to find out where a grain of sand is by throwing other grains of sand at it. once you find out where it is, it's been moved. it's also like trying to find an answer to the question of whether or not a tree falling in a forest makes a sound if nobody is there to hear it. paradoxically, the only way to find out is to be there and hear it.