Which refers to the amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature and pressure?
solubility
supersaturated
dissolution rate
concentrated

the first choice, solubility.

Justification:

The statement in the question corresponds to the definition of solubility: the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a certain amound of solvent at an specified temperature and pressure.

Each solute has a characteristic solubility.

The solubility is usually expressed as grams of solute per 100 grams or 100 ml of solvent, at a given pressure and temperature.

Tables and charts for some solute - solvent systems are found in textbooks, handbooks, and internet. So, when you need to find the solutibility of a solute in a solvent you go to those tables or graphs.