Chemistry, 06.01.2020 09:31 christhegreat1

How many lone pairs of electrons are represented in the lewis structure of a phosphate ion ( 10 12 21 24

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To illustrate the Lewis structure,
P has 5 valence electrons
O has 6 valence electrons (each for 4 oxygen)
And finally, for every negative charge, there is an additional valence electron

We should add these all up = 5 + 24 + 3 = 32 valence electrons

With this, we can be guided to illustrate the lewis structure as P as central atom and the 3 oxygen each with a single bond with P and 1 oxygen with a double bond with P. We place the valence electrons until octet rule is satisfied,
we will be left with 12 lone pairs for phosphate ion.

Answer from: Quest

answer: - 3.) the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

solution: - as per the rules, oxidation number of oxygen in its compounds is -2. the sum of oxidation numbers of all the elements of a molecule or compound is zero.

also, the oxidation number in elemental form is zero.

in no, the oxidation number of o is -2 so the oxidation number of n is +2 so that the sum is zero.

similarly, the oxidation number of c in co is +2 and o is -2.

on product side the oxidation number of n is 0 as it is in the elemental form( $n_2$ ) .

oxidation number of c in carbon dioxide is +4 as there are two oxygen in it and we know that each oxygen is -2.

so, oxidation number of n is changing from +2 to 0 and the oxidation number of c is changing from +2 to +4.

since nitrogen is reduced and hence no is acting as an oxidizing agent. carbon is oxidized and so co is acting as a reducing agent.

so, the right choice is number 3.)the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

Answer from: Quest

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