Chemistry, 02.12.2019 19:31 duhfiywge8885

Consider the following information. the lattice energy of cscl is δ h lattice = − 657 kj/mol. the enthalpy of sublimation of cs is δ h sub = 76.5 kj/mol. the first ionization energy of cs is ie 1 = 376 kj/mol. the electron affinity of cl is δ h ea = − 349 kj/mol. the bond energy of cl 2 is be = 243 kj/mol. determine the enthalpy of formation, δ h f , for cscl ( s ) .

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Answer from: hannahhoskings6989

-310.5 kJ/mol

Explanation:

The CsCl(s) will be formed by steps:

The metal (Cs) will be made gaseous by a sublimation → ΔHsub = 76.5 kJ/mol;The metal gains energy to ionize → IE = 376 kJ/mol;The nonmetal (Cl) loses energy to ionizes → EA = -349 kJ/mol;The nonmetal is bonded → BE = 243 kJ/mol;The lattice is formed → ΔHlattice = -657 kJ/mol.

The enthanlpy of formation is the sum of all the energies involved in the steps:

ΔHf = 76.5 + 376 -349 + 243 -657

ΔHf = -310.5 kJ/mol

Answer from: Quest

The answer should be c.

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.

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Consider the following information. the lattice energy of cscl is δ h lattice = − 657 kj/mol. the en...

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