Chemistry, 30.11.2019 02:31 Alexandragurule18

How does the density of a gas depend on the molar mass of the gas?

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Answer from: leeenaaa95

The density of the ideal gas is directly proportional to its molar mass.

Explanation:

Density is a scalar quantity that is denoted by the symbol ρ (rho). It is defined as the ratio of the mass (m) of the given sample and the total volume (V) of the sample.

$\rho = \frac{m}{V}$ ......equation (1)

According to the ideal gas law for ideal gas:

PV = nRT ......equation (2)

Here, V is the volume of gas, P is the pressure of gas, T is the absolute temperature, R is Gas constant and n is the number of moles of gas

As we know,

The number of moles: $n = \frac{m}{M}$

where m is the given mass of gas and M is the molar mass of the gas

So equation (2) can be written as:

$PV = \frac{m}{M}RT$

⇒ $PM= \frac{m}{V} RT$

⇒ $\frac{PM}{RT}= \frac{m}{V}$ ......equation (3)

Now from equation (1) and (3), we get

$\frac{PM}{RT}= \frac{m}{V} = \rho$

⇒ Density of an ideal gas: $\rho = \frac{PM}{RT}$

⇒ Density of an ideal gas: ρ ∝ molar mass of gas: M

Therefore, the density of the ideal gas is directly proportional to its molar mass.

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.

Answer from: Quest

The answer is a) carbon-12

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