In the sickle-cell anemia mutation, the 5'-gag-3' codon for glutamic acid becomes the 5'-gug-3' codon for valine. assuming a single nucleotide substitution accounts for this mutation, what is the change in the dna?

100 grams of molten lead (600°c) is used to make musket balls. if the lead shot is allowed to cool to room temperature (21°c), what is the change in entropy (in j/k) of the lead? (for the specific heat of molten and solid lead use 1.29 j/g⋅°c; the latent heat of fusion and the melting point of lead are 2.45 × 104 j/kg and 327°c, respectively.)