During which change is heat energy released

During the uncoupling of electron transport chain energy that is generated by the transport of electron along with proton, is released as heat.

Explanation:

The proton motive force generate energy for the phosphorylation of ADP with inorganic phosphate to form ATP an energy rich molecule during the process called oxidative phosphorylation.

      There are some chemical agents knowns as uncouplers for examole thermogennin,2'4-dinitophenyl.They does not interfere with the transport of electrons through various electron carriers which generate energy,but uncouplers blocks the phosphorylation step.

    As a result the energy that is released during transport of electron, is  liberated as heat.

answer: option (b) is the correct answer.

explanation:

a covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons. whereas polarity arises due to difference in electronegativity of two atoms.

therefore, more is the electronegativity of an atom which combines with the titanium, more readily it will induce a partial positive and negative charge.

thus, out of the given options fluorine is most electronegative and has an incomplete octet. therefore, it will readily combine with titanium to share the electrons and complete its octet.  

the millers tale is the answer.