Calculate the volume of 50 % (w/w) sodium hydroxide solution (its density ~ 1.52 g/ml) needed to prepare ~0.1 m naoh solution, using a 10-ml graduated cylinder.

0.05 mL

Explanation:

Initially, we have a concentrated solution of NaOH, to which we will add water to get a dilute one. To calculate the volume of the initial solution that we have to measure, we can use the dilution rule:

C₁ × V₁ = C₂ × V₂

where,

C₁ is the initial concentration (50% w/w; ρ = 1.52 g/mL)

V₁ is the initial volume

C₂ is the final concentration (0.1 M)

V₂ is the final volume (10 mL)

First, we have to calculate the weight/volume percentage and then the molarity of the first solution.

Now, we can apply the dilution rule.

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.