The distribution of na+ ions across a typical biological membrane is 10 mmol dm-3 inside the cell and 140 mmol dm-3 outside the cell. at equilibrium the concentrations are equal. what is the gibbs energy difference across the membrane at 37oc in units of kj mol-1?

hurricanes form when warm, moist air from the ocean surface quickly rises into the atmosphere and forms storm clouds and rain. when the clouds are formed, heat is released which warms the cool air in the upper regions of the atmosphere so that the cycle can continue. which two phases of the water cycle are repeated in this process?