State the number of electrons that must be gained by atoms of each of the following elements to obtain a stable electron configuration. a) ci b) se c) n d) i e) s

The answer to your question is below

Explanation:

a) CI Chlorine is located in group VIIA, so its must gain one electron to be stable.

b) Se Selenium is located in group VIA, it must gain 2 electrons to be stable.

c) N Nitrogen is located in group VA, it must gain 3 electrons to be stable.

d) I Iodine is located in group VIIA, so it must gain 1 electron to be stable.

e) S sulfur is located in group VIA, so it must gain 2 electrons to be stable.

For an atom to have a stable configuration. it must have eight electrons in its outermost shell.

The electron configuration of ground state Cl is [Ne] 3s² 3p⁵, this means that there are seven electrons in its outermost shell. A stable octet means eight electrons so it needs one more electron.

Selenium has electron configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4, this means that there are six electrons in its outermost shell and two more electrons are required to reach a stable electron configuration.

Nitrogen has electronic configuration [He] 2s2 2p3, this means that it has five electrons in the valence shell and need three more electrons to achieve  a stable electron configuration.

Iodine has an electronic configuration [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5, this means that the outermost shell has seven electrons. One more electron is required to achieve a complete octet.

Sulfur has electronic configuration [Ne] 3s² 3p⁴, this means that there are six electrons in the valence shell and two more electrons are required for the atom to obtain a stable electron configuration.

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