Researchers who study microbial degradation of vinyl chloride (vc) use small sealed glass bottles to keep vc from partitioning into the room air during experiments. once, while i was working in a lab, a new master’s student walked up to me to show me that her sealed bottle was open (true story). after the seal broke the bottle contained 3 mg of vinyl chloride in 60 ml of water. assume the volume of air in the lab equaled 100 m3 and that there was no ventilation (luckily that was not true), the temperature and pressure in the lab were 25 0c and 1 atm, respectively. in addition, henry’s law constant equals 26.8 l×atm mole . • compare the equilibrium concentration of vc in the air to the 3-h air quality standard of [vc]std = 10 ppmv. • what should the new master’s student have done, when she noticed the seal on the bottle that contained vc was open?

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sulfur belongs to group 16 because it can be found in nature whether it is in a free or combined state.

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in chemistry, adhesion and cohesion are attractive forces that exist between molecules. they hold the molecules together from each other. they are different in that adhesive force exists between molecules of different substance while cohesive force happens between molecules of same substance.

adhesion between water and glass causes water molecules at the edge of water and glass interface to climb up the wall in a narrow glass tube. this is called capillary action. cohesion is what gives glass its shape and causes water to form a droplet.

answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.