4.0
crude oil contains a mixture of hydrocarbons.
the table below shows the relative market demand and available supply of each
fraction.
boiling point
fraction
relative %
supply
in crude oil
relative %
demand
in °c
less than 30
2
30-160
15
liquid petroleum
gas
gasoline (petrol)
kerosene
kparaffin)
diesel
fuel and heavy
160-250
10
20
220-350
greater than
350
53
20
oils
4.1
describe how fractional distillation and cracking are used so that sufficient petrol is
produced from crude oil to meet demand.
use the information in the table, and your own knowledge.
[6 marks]