Chemistry, 06.09.2019 05:30 jayyy1002

Wastewater from a cement factory contains 0.280 g of ca2+ ion and 0.0220 g of mg2+ ion per 100.0 l of solution. the solution density is 1.001 g/ml. calculate the ca2+ and mg2+ concentrations in ppm (by mass).

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Answer from: brooke7768

The concentration of $Ca^{2+}\text{ and }Mg^{2+}$ ions are 2.797 ppm and 0.212 ppm respectively.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of solution, we use the equation:

$\text{Density of substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of substance}}{\text{Volume of substance}}$

Volume of gold = 100 L = 100000 mL (Conversion factor: 1 L = 1000 mL)

Density of gold = 1.001 g/mL

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$1.001g/mL=\frac{\text{Mass of solution}}{100000mL}\\\\\text{Mass of solution}=1.001\times 10^5g$

To calculate the concentration in ppm (by mass), we use the equation:

$ppm=\frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}}\times 10^6$

Calculating the concentration of calcium ions:

Mass of $Ca^{2+$ ions = 0.280 g

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$ppm(Ca^{2+})=\frac{0.280g}{1.001\times 10^5}\times 10^6=2.797ppm$

Calculating the concentration of magnesium ions:

Mass of $Mg^{2+$ ions = 0.0220 g

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$ppm(Mg^{2+})=\frac{0.0220g}{1.001\times 10^5}\times 10^6=0.212ppm$

Hence, the concentration of $Ca^{2+}\text{ and }Mg^{2+}$ ions are 2.797 ppm and 0.212 ppm respectively.

Answer from: Quest

water molecules stay close to each other through cohesion, the collective action of hydrogen bonds between water molecules. cohesion plants draw water upwards from the root through the stem's transport tubes (xylem) to the leaf. this transport occurs even in large trees and against gravity. transpiration, evaporation of water from plant leaves, creates a tension on water molecules being pulled up from the stem and roots.

water also has high (the attraction of one substance to another) properties because of its polar nature. adhesion of water molecules to plant cell walls counteract gravity while water is transported from roots to leaves.

water exhibits a very high surface tension when compared to other liquids. surface tension is a property of a liquid that holds the surface together and allows it to resist an external force. by capillary action, the water forms concave menisci inside the pores. the high surface tension of water pulls the concavity outwards, generating enough force to lift water from the roots to the leaves of plants.

thus, cohesion, along with adhesion and surface tension creates a capillary action that keeps water molecules interacting and moving through the plants out to the leaf cells.

therefore, option d) is the correct answer.

explanation:

Answer from: Quest

Answer is to avoid experimental error

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