Neutral atoms contain equal numbers of a protons and electrons. b protons and neutrons. c electrons and neutrons. d protons, electrons, and neutrons. 2. the atomic symbol for beryllium, , indicates that the a mass number is 4. b atomic number is 4. c atomic number is 9. d atomic number is equal to 9 4. 3. the atomic mass of an atom of carbon is 12 amu, and the atomic mass of an atom of oxygen is 16 amu. to produce co2, 16 g of oxygen combine with 12 g of carbon. to produce co2, 32 g of oxygen combine with 12 g of carbon. the ratio of the mass of oxygen in co2 to the mass of oxygen in co is
a. 8: 3.
b. 1: 1.
c. 2: 1.
d. 1: 2.

For 1: The correct answer is Option A.

For 2: The correct answer is Option B.

For 3: The correct answer is Option C.

Explanation:

For 1:

Atomic number is defined as the number of electrons or number of protons that are present in a neutral atom. It is represented as Z.

Z = Atomic number = Number of electrons = Number of protons

Mass number is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons present in an atom. It is represented as A.

A = Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

Hence, the correct answer is Option A.

The isotopic representation of an atom is:

where,

Z = Atomic number of the atom

A = Mass number of the atom

X = Symbol of the atom

We are given:

An isotopic representation of beryllium atom:  

Thus, the number '4' represents the atomic number of beryllium, number '9' represents the mass number of beryllium atom.

Hence, the correct answer is Option B.

In CO compound:

Mass of oxygen = 16 g

Mass of carbon = 12 g

In compound:

Mass of oxygen = 32 g

Mass of carbon = 12 g

Thus, the ratio of mass of oxygen in and CO is:

Hence, the correct answer is Option C.

according to the u.s. department of agriculture, the label of "certified organic" comes with a set of highly regulated standards for environmental stewardship and resource conservation. some of these include maintenance and improvement of soil quality, prevention of ground and surface water contamination, greenhouse gas regulation, encouragement of biodiversity and conservation of water and energy (see references 1). organic practices integrate natural methods such as mulching, plant diversity, native and adapted plants, crop rotation and the introduction of beneficial insects to control pests without synthetic pesticides.

environmental implications of pesticides

synthetic pesticides ensure high crop yields. while effective in achieving this goal, pesticides contaminate soil, air, ground and surface water, as well as the plants and animals that come into contact with these contaminated sources. freshwater and marine organisms are particularly susceptible to pesticides through agricultural runoff. pesticides also reduce soil fertility (necessitating the use of synthetic fertilizers) and can travel far from the original source, contaminating water and air hundreds of miles from the location of application (see references 2).

health implications of organics

although a subject of particular debate, many recent findings show that organic food is healthier than conventionally grown food. according to the usda, an extensive european union-funded study found that organically grown foods contain more beneficial compounds, such as the vitamins and antioxidants needed to combat many diseases (see references 5). organic milk, meat and eggs are regulated to ensure they are free of hormones administered to conventional livestock and poultry.

health implications of pesticides

pesticides affect human health in three ways: through skin contact, inhalation and ingestion. acute and long-term exposure to pesticides can cause serious health problems for farmers who apply them. the majority of other people are affected by drinking contaminated water and eating contaminated marine life (see references 3). pesticides have been linked to neurological disorders, endocrine and reproductive disorders, immune system deficiencies and cancer. according to the world health organization, acute pesticide poisoning (app) is responsible for significant annual mortality, especially in developing nations (see references 4).

other important considerations

not every small farm or business owner can afford the costly certification process required to be considered "certified organic," even if the farm is not using chemicals. "transitional" farms include those that once used chemicals and are now transitioning to organic-only production. in addition, though organic farming methods offer obvious environmental benefit, an organic apple shipped from around the world creates a different set of environmental problems. locally grown food (particularly locally grown, organic food) is key in sustainable food production.