Molecular chlorine and molecular fluorine combine to form a gaseous product. under the same conditions of temperature and pressure it is found that one volume of cl2 reacts with three volumes of f2 to yield two volumes of the product. what is the formula of the product?

Cl F₃

Explanation:

1) Reactants:

The reactants are:

Molecular chlorine: this is a gas diatomic molecule, i.e. Cl₂ (g)Molecular fluorine: this is also a gas diatomic molecule: F₂ (g)

2) Stoichiometric coefficients:

One volume of Cl₂ react with three volumes of F₂ means that the reaction is represented with coefficients 1 for Cl₂ and 3 for F₂. So, the reactant side of the chemical equation is:

        Cl₂ (g) + 3F₂ (g) →

3) Product:

It is said that the reaction yields two volumes of a gaseous product; then, a mass balance indicates that the two volumes must contain 2 parts of Cl and 6 parts of F. So, one volume must contain 1 part of Cl and 3 parts of F. That is easy to see in the complete chemical equation:

       Cl₂ (g) + 3F₂ (g) → 2Cl F₃ (g)

        As you see, that last equation si balanced: 2 atoms of Cl and 6 atoms of F on each side, and you conclude that the formula of the product is ClF₃.

Answer: abeexplanation:

1. the question asks the most appropriate, which seems to rule out "all of the above." your choice appears to be the correct one.

2. the protocol described is good for identifying correlation, but not cause and effect. for cause/effect, you need to devise a protocol that will assign the treatment (or not) to groups that have essentially the same "demographics" with respect to all the other variables. your choice regarding control group seems appropriate. random assignment of treatment (choice d) may be appropriate also. (i think you can argue that b and d are just different descriptions of the same method.)

3. d will randomize the birds, but may not guarantee there are 10 in each group. e will do both, so seems the better choice.

comment on question 2

based on the problem statement, it seems clear that confident, attentive drivers are more likely to use daytime running lights. so, the protocol might need to be devised in such a way that the lights would be turned on or off without the driver's knowledge. (an attentive driver will figure it out.) assigning a confident, attentive driver to a group required to drive without running lights might mess with his/her confidence and attentiveness. you don't want your experiment to do that. (nor do you want the experiment to subject a driver to greater risk of accident as a consequence of driving without running lights.) experiments involving human safety are always problematic.

D. is the answer hope that you