Chemistry, 30.10.2019 20:31 mayahgrimes

which statement accurately describes the atoms of a specific element?
a) an indium‚ in‚ atom contains 115 protons inside the nucleus and 49 neutrons outside the nucleus.
b) a scandium‚ sc‚ atom contains 45 electrons outside the nucleus and 21 neutrons inside the nucleus.
c) an aluminum‚ al‚ atom contains 27 electrons and 27 protons inside the nucleus.
d) a zinc‚ zn‚ atom contains 30 protons inside the nucleus and 30 electrons outside the nucleus.

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Answer from: myaaa13754

The statement that accurately describes the given element is;

D) A zinc‚ Zn‚ atom contains 30 protons inside the nucleus and 30 electrons outside the nucleus.

This is about knowing atomic number, mass number and their definitions.

By definition, Atomic number is the number of electrons or number of protons present in an atom that is neutral.

Thus;

Atomic number = Number of electrons = Number of protons

Meanwhile, by definition, mass number is the sum of number of protons and neutrons present in a neutral atom.

Thus;

Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

Let's look at the options;

Option A:

On the periodic table, the element Indium is the 49th element. It has a mass number of 115 and atomic number of 49.

From earlier, we saw that;

Atomic number = Number of electrons = Number of protons

Thus;

Number of protons = Number of electrons = 49

Also, we saw that;

Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

Thus;

115 = 49 + number of neutrons

Number of neutrons = 115 - 49

Number of neutrons = 66

Number of neutrons gotten here is not same with the option.

Thus,option A is incorrect.

Option B: On the periodic table, the element Scandium is the 21st element with atomic number of 21 and mass number of 45.

Thus;

Number of protons = Number of electrons = 21

Number of neutrons = 45 - 21

Number of neutrons = 24

Number of neutrons here differs from that given and so this option is incorrect.

Option C: On the periodic table, Aluminium is the 13th element with atomic number of 13 and mass number of 27.

Thus;

Number of protons = Number of electrons = 13

This is different from the 27 in the option. Thus, this option is incorrect.

Option D: On the periodic table, Zinc is the 30th element with atomic number of 30.

Thus;

Number of protons = Number of electrons = 30

Thus corresponds with what is given in the option since electrons are outside the nucleus while protons are inside.

Thus, option D is correct.

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which statement accurately describes the atoms of a specific element?
a) an indium‚ in‚ atom...

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