Which interactions and processes contribute to the dissolution of ionic compounds in water?

Ion-dipole attraction and solvation of the ions  

Step-by-step explanation:

Assume you have an ionic compound MX.

Ion-dipole interactions:

Water is a highly polar molecule.  

The partially negative O atom is strongly attracted to the M⁺ cations at the surface of the solid. The partially positive H atoms are strongly attracted to the X⁻ ions.

If the water molecules hit the surface of the solid with the right orientation, the ion-dipole attractions will help dislodge the ions from the surface.

Solvation:

Once the ions are in solution, the ions are stabilized by solvation. The strong ion-dipole attractions cause a shell of water ions to form around the ionss.