In which set of conditions would result in a spontaneous reaction? a. an exothermic reaction; a decrease in entropy; at high temperatures b. an exothermic reaction; an increase in entropy; at any temperature c. an endothermic reaction; an increase in entropy; at low temperatures d. an endothermic reaction; a decrease in entropy; at any temperature

The correct answer is Option B.

Explanation:

For a reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs' Free Energy must be negative.

Equation for Gibbs Free energy is given by:

Where, G = Gibbs free energy

H = Enthalpy of the reaction

T = Temperature of the system

S = Entropy of the system

Sign convention for all the quantities:

For H: It is negative for exothermic reactions and positive for endothermic reactions

For S:  It is positive when there is increase in entropy and it is negative when there is decrease in entropy.

If we want G to be negative, the conditions necessary are:

The product of temperature and entropy must be positive and that will be positive when there is increase in entropy at any temperature.

Hence, the correct answer is Option B.

the dependant variable is spilled water

the independent is the heat

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