**narrowed it down ! **1. it was observed that the particles of an unknown substance exist as ions under normal conditions. these ions move quickly in random directions. what is the state of matter of the substance? a.) gasb.) plasma2. a postulate of the kinetic molecular theory is listed. postulate: gas particles are extremely small and are far apart. which of the following activities can be used to demonstrate the postulate? a.) observing the ease of pushing the plunger of a capped nozzle syringe containing gasb.) observing colored gas spreading into an inverted jar placed on top of a jar containing the gas3. a hot air balloon has an air vent that keeps the air pressure inside and outside the same. allen observes that a hot air balloon rises up when the gas molecules inside it are heated. which of the following laws is used to understand the behavior of the gas and why? a.) the high temperature makes the gas molecules spread apart according to charles's law because this law describes how a gas will behave at constant pressure. b.) the high temperature raises volume according to boyle's law because this law describes how a gas will behave when the number of moles remains constant.

Answers:

1. B.)

2. Both A.) and B.)

3. A.)

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Ions in gas phase

A plasma is a gas consisting of electrons and positively charged ions.

Because the particles are ions and electrons, rather than neutral atoms or molecules as in ordinary gases, scientists consider a plasma to be a fourth state of matter.

2. Kinetic Molecular Theory

Both activities illustrate the postulate.

A.) If the particles are extremely small and far apart, most of the volume of a gas is empty space. That's why it's easy to push the plunger of a capped nozzle syringe containing a gas.

B.) If the particles are far apart, it's easy for a coloured gas to spread into an inverted jar placed on top of a jar containing the gas.

3. Hot air balloon

The high temperature in the balloon makes the gas molecules spread apart according to Charles's law, because this law describes how a gas will behave at constant pressure.

As the hot air escapes from the vent, the combined mass of balloon + hot air becomes less than the mass of cold air that it displaces, and the balloon rises.

B.) is wrong. Boyle's law applies only when both the number of moles and  the temperature remain constant.

35. a insulated cylinder of solid gold (k 310 kw/m-k) of radius v2 m and height 5 m is heated at one end until the temperature at each point in the cylinder is given by w(r, y, z) (30 z2)(2-(r2+ y2). determine the rate of heat flow across each horizontal disk given by z 1, z 2, and z 3, identifying which has the greatest rate of heat flow across it.

explanation: