Explain the difference between independent and dependent variables. many people confuse a hypothesis with a prediction. how are they different? how are they similar? the results of an experiment do not support the hypothesis that the experiment was designed to test. was the experiment a waste of time? explain.

Hey there!

The independent variable is the factor that is deliberately manipulated in an experiment. The dependent variable is the variable in a relation whose value depends on the value of the independent variable.

Second, hypotheses and predictions are similar in that they are both related to an experiment. However, a hypothesis is an explanation for a phenomena that is testable through an experiment. A prediction is the expected result of an experiment.

An when conducting an experiment, it is always important to present accurate data even if that data does not support your hypothesis. If your data does not support the hypothesis, the experiment was not a waste of time. This data provides you with information regarding what is not happening in a particular phenomenon. Information gained from the experiment can help you to develop new hypotheses to test in the future.

Hope this helped.

Regards, ShaggySnaps

what's the question?

explanation:

1. the question asks the most appropriate, which seems to rule out "all of the above." your choice appears to be the correct one.

2. the protocol described is good for identifying correlation, but not cause and effect. for cause/effect, you need to devise a protocol that will assign the treatment (or not) to groups that have essentially the same "demographics" with respect to all the other variables. your choice regarding control group seems appropriate. random assignment of treatment (choice d) may be appropriate also. (i think you can argue that b and d are just different descriptions of the same method.)

3. d will randomize the birds, but may not guarantee there are 10 in each group. e will do both, so seems the better choice.

comment on question 2

based on the problem statement, it seems clear that confident, attentive drivers are more likely to use daytime running lights. so, the protocol might need to be devised in such a way that the lights would be turned on or off without the driver's knowledge. (an attentive driver will figure it out.) assigning a confident, attentive driver to a group required to drive without running lights might mess with his/her confidence and attentiveness. you don't want your experiment to do that. (nor do you want the experiment to subject a driver to greater risk of accident as a consequence of driving without running lights.) experiments involving human safety are always problematic.