In order to change grams of a substance to moles of the same substance, or vice versa, the following should be used: a) mole ratio b) avogadro's number c) molar mass d) mole fraction

C) molar mass

Explanation:

Hello,

In the calculations in chemistry, one of the major computations involve the conversion from mass to mole considering that there is no equipment that allows us to measure the exact moles of a substance since it depends on the type of atom, in spite of this fact, balances have been widely used to measure a substance's mass. In such a way, it is possible to relate them via the molar mass since it relates how many grams of a substance are contained in one mole of such substance. For instance, one mole of sodium chloride has  58.44 grams of sodium chloride or vice versa, so its molar mass is .

Best regards.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.