Potassium permanganate (kmno4) reacts with hydrochloric acid (hcl) to form potassium chloride (kcl), manganese chloride (mncl2), water (h2o), and chlorine gas (cl2). the balanced chemical equation is 2kmno4 + 16hcl → 2kcl + 2mncl2 + 8h2o + 5cl2. select the correct ratios of each of the following substances.

Balanced chemical reaction:

2KMnO₄ + 16HCl → 2KCl + 2MnCl₂ + 8H₂O + 5Cl₂.

1) According to balanced chemical reaction:

n(KMnO₄) : n(KCl) = 2 : 2 (1 : 1).

Two molecules of potassi chloride are formed from two molecules of potassium permanganate.

2) According to balanced chemical reaction:

n(HCl) : n(H₂O) = 16 : 8 (2 : 1).

3) According to balanced chemical reaction:

n(KMnO₄) : n(Cl₂) = 2 : 5.

4) According to balanced chemical reaction:

n(HCl) : n(MnCl₂) = 16 : 2 (8 : 1).

answer: - 3.) the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

solution: - as per the rules, oxidation number of oxygen in its compounds is -2. the sum of oxidation numbers of all the elements of a molecule or compound is zero.

also, the oxidation number in elemental form is zero.

in no, the oxidation number of o is -2 so the oxidation number of n is +2 so that the sum is zero.

similarly, the oxidation number of c in co is +2 and o is -2.

on product side the oxidation number of n is 0 as it is in the elemental form() .

oxidation number of c in carbon dioxide is +4 as there are two oxygen in it and we know that each oxygen is -2.

so, oxidation number of n is changing from +2 to 0 and the oxidation number of c is changing from +2 to +4.

since nitrogen is reduced and hence no is acting as an oxidizing agent. carbon is oxidized and so co is acting as a reducing agent.

so, the right choice is number 3.)the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.