Chemistry, 10.07.2019 01:30 avahymowitz44

The first ionization energy of thallium is ei1 = 589.3 kj/mol. what is the longest wavelength of light that could ionize an atom of thallium?

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Answer from: xojade

Answer : The longest wavelength of light that could ionize an atom of thallium is 2.0314 × $10^{-7}$ m.

Solution : First we will calculate the ionization energy for 1 atom of thallium.

As we know that, one mole of any element contains 6.022 × $10^{23}$ atoms as given by the Avogadro's number.

The energy needed to ionize 1 atom of of thallium = $\frac{589.3 \text{ KJ/mol}}{6.022\times 10^{23}\text{ atoms}}\times 1 \text{ mole of thallium}$

= 97.8578 × $10^{-23}$

= 9.7857 × $10^{-22}$ KJ/atom

As we know that the energy of a photon is directly proportional to the frequency which is given by the Planck equation.

E = h × ν

ν = $\frac{E}{h}$ ........... (1)

here, E → the energy of the photon

ν → frequency

h → Planck's constant is equal to 6.626 × $10^{-34}$ JS

Put the values of E and h in equation (1) , we get

$\nu=\frac{E}{h}$ = $\frac{9.7857 \times10 ^{-22}\times 10^{3} \text{ J}}{6.626\times 10^{-34}\text{ JS}}$

= 1.4768 × $10^{15}\ S^{-}$

Now the frequency of a photon is inversely proportional to the wavelength .i.e

$\nu = \frac{C}{\lambda}$ ............(2)

here, λ → wavelength of photon

C → speed of light is equal to 3 × $10^{8} \text{ m} S^{-}$

Now put the values of of C and λ in equation (2) , we get

$\lambda = \frac{3\times 10^{8} \text{ m} S^{-}}{1.4768 \times 10^{15}S^{-}}$

= 2.0314 × $10^{-7}$ m

Answer from: Quest

3авиипп

Answer from: Quest

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{1}$ and electronic configuration of phosphorous is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{3}$ .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

$3na + p \rightarrow na_{3}p$

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

Electrons are transferred from atoms of to atoms of this transfer makes the sodium atoms and the

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