Sodium phosphate and calcium chloride react to form sodium chloride and calcium phosphate. if you have 379.4 grams of calcium chloride and an excess of sodium phosphate, how much calcium phosphate can you make?

353.6 g.

Explanation:

1) Word equation (given)

Sodium phosphate + calcium choride → sodium chloride + calcium phosphate

2) Balanced chemical equation

2 Na₃PO₄ +3 CaCl₂ → 6 NaCl + Ca₃(PO4)₂

3) Mole ratio

2 moles Na₃PO₄ : 3 moles CaCl₂ :  6 moles NaCl : 1 mole Ca₃(PO4)₂

4)  Formula to convert grams to moles

number of moles = mass in grams / molar mass

5) Number of moles of limiting reactant

a) mass in grams = 379.4 g CaCl₂

b) molar mass CaCl₂ = 110.98 g/mol

c) number of moles CaCl₂ = 379.4 g / 110.98 g/mol = 3.419 moles

6) Theoretical yield of Ca₃(PO4)₂

    3 moles CaCl₂ / 1 mole Ca₃(PO4)₂ = 3.419 moles CaCl₂ / x ⇒

    x = 3.419 × 1 / 3 = 1.140 moles Ca₃(PO4)₂

7) Convert 1.140 moles Ca₃(PO4)₂

a) molar mass Ca₃(PO4)₂ = 310.1767 g/mol

b) mass in grams = number of moles × molar mass = 1.140 moles × 310.1767 g/mol = 353.6 g ← answer.

you need to take a look at the periodic system in order to sort these elements into pairs that would most likely exhibit similar chemical properties. first, you need to find elements that are found in the same group (groups are vertical in the periodic system), and then to see whether they have the same valence number. if they meet these criteria, they will have similar properties.

the first pair: ne (neon) and kr (krypton), are noble gases found in group 8

the second pair: li (lithium) and k (potassium), found in group 1

the third pair: s (sulfur) and te (tellurium), found in group 6