Draw a mechanism for this reaction. 5-hydroxypentanoic acid forms 2-oxanone in the presence of acid. draw all missing reactants and/or products in the appropriate boxes by placing atoms on the canvas and connecting them with bonds. add charges where needed. electron flow arrows should start on an atom or a bond and should end on an atom, bond, or location where a new bond should be created.

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The first step involves protonation of the carbonyl oxygen.

After protonation, the Alcohol oxygen now attacks the carbon of the carbonyl.

Thus a six membered ring is formed with 5 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom. The 1st position carbon atom has 2 OH groups.

One of these gets again protonated.

This leaves as water. With the loss of the H+, there results a carbonyl at 1 position.

Thus 5-hydroxypentanoic acid forms a lactone or 2-oxanone in presence of acid.

first let us lay out the formula for potential

and kinetic energy:

pe = mgh

ke = (mv^2)/2

where: m=mass, v=velocity, g=gravitational

acceleration, h=height

calculating for mass using the known values of

pe:

340j = m (9.81 m/s^2) (50ft) (1m/3.28ft)

m = 2.27 kg

the law of conservation of energy states that

energy is neither created nor destroyed. therefore, the change in kinetic

energy from 50 ft to 35 ft would be equal to the change in potential energy

from 50 ft to 35 ft. however it would be opposite in signs since one is losing

while other is gaining.

ke(35ft) – ke(50ft) = - [ pe(35ft) – pe(50ft]

ke(50ft) = 0 since the brick is initially at rest

ke(35ft) = 340j - 2.27kg (9.81 m/s^2) (35ft)

(1m/3.28 ft)

ke(35ft)

= 102.38 j