Which diagram shows electrons violating the pauli exclusion principle?

An engineering team designs a new rocket that is faster and lighter than any other model being produced. however, the materials end up being so expensive that no company can afford to buy them. which step of the engineering process should have addressed this problem? a. know the background. b. evaluate the results. c. identify a need. d. do the work.

Can someone me with questions 12 and 13 plz.

Modern pennies are composed of zinc coated with copper. a student determines the mass of a penny to be 2.482 g and then makes several scratches in the copper coaling (to expose the underlying zinc). the student puts the scratched penny in hydrochloric acid, where the following reaction occurs between the zinc and the hcl (the copper remains undissolved): zn(s) + 2 hcl(aq) → h2(g) + zncl(aq)the student collects the hydrogen produced over water at 25 °c. the collected gas occupies a volume of 0.899 l at a total pressure of 79 j mmhg. calculate the percent zinc (by mass) in the penny. (assume that all the zn in the penny dissolves.)