Write the mechanism of the reaction of methyl benzoate to form methyl 2-nitrobenzoate.

See the attached picture.

Explanation:

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Nitration of alkyl benzenes is carried out adding both nitric and sulfuric acid to the organic reactant in order to promote the inclusion of the nitro group into the ring. Nonetheless, due to the steric hindrance such inclusion is not at the second carbon but at the third one. The addition of nitric acid promotes the attaching of the nitro group and the sulfuric acid shifts the equilibrium towards the nitration is it ionizes the nitric acid to nitronium ion NO₂⁺. The mechanism is shown on the attached picture.

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nacl or sodium chloride is an ionic compound. this is because an ionic compound pertains to a compound that consists of positively and negatively charged ions. in this case, na (sodium) has a tendency to lose one electron when it reacts with with other atoms, so the resulting sodium ion contains 11 protons and 10 electrons, thus making it positively charged (na+), when chlorine reacts, it usually gains one electron to form an ion called chloride, thus making it negatively charged ( since the ions are oppositely charged, they attract.