What is the opportunity coast in using pi over npv?

Topics Reference Advisors Markets Simulator Academy  Profitability IndexBy Investopedia SHARE                                       Chapter One                                     Chapter Two                                     Chapter Three                                     Chapter Four                                     Chapter Five                              Chapter One Chapter Two Chapter Three Chapter Four Chapter Five4.1 Net Present Value And Internal Rate Of Return4.2 Capital Investment Decisions4.3 Project Analysis And Valuation4.4 Capital Market History4.5 Return, Risk And The Security Market Line4.1.1 Introduction To Net Present Value And Internal Rate Of Return4.1.2 Net Present Value4.1.3 Payback Rule4.1.4 Average Accounting Return4.1.5 Internal Rate Of Return4.1.6 Advantages And Disadvantages Of NPV and IRR4.1.7 Profitability Index4.1.8 Capital Budgeting
A profitability index attempts to identify the relationship between the costs and benefits of a proposed project. The profitability index is calculated by dividing the present value of the project's future cash flows by the initial investment. A PI greater than 1.0 indicates that profitability is positive, while a PI of less than 1.0 indicates that the project will lose money. As values on the profitability index increase, so does the financial attractiveness of the proposed project.

The PI ratio is calculated as follows:

PV of Future Cash Flows
Initial Investment

A ratio of 1.0 is logically the lowest acceptable measure for the index. Any value lower than 1.0 would indicate that the project's PV is less than the initial investment, and the project should be rejected or abandoned. The profitability index rule states that the ratio must be greater than 1.0 for the project to proceed.

For example, a project with an initial investment of $1 million and present value of future cash flows of $1.2 million would have a profitability index of 1.2. Based on the profitability index rule, the project would proceed. Essentially, the PI tells us how much value we receive per dollar invested. In this example, each dollar invested yields $1.20.

The profitability index rule is a variation of the net present value (NPV) rule. In general, if NPV is positive, the profitability index would be greater than 1; if NPV is negative, the profitability index would be below 1. Thus, calculations of PI and NPV would both lead to the same decision regarding whether to proceed with or abandon a project.

However, the profitability index differs from NPV in one important respect: being a ratio, it ignores the scale of investment and provides no indication of the size of the actual cash flows.

The PI can also be thought of as turning a project's NPV into a percentage rate.

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