What do economists call a situation in which consumers buy a different quantity than they did before, at every price?

The correct answer is:  A change in demand.

Explanation:

A change in demand takes place when consumers decide to purchase a good or service regardless of its price. Some of the causes that let this scenario occur include changes in the consumers' incomes, different consumers' preferences or the fact that the good or service changed its price for a certain reason.

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