A disadvantage of the matrix structure is that a. teams may be too decentralized and incapable of making a decision. b. employees' supervisors change, which can cause confusion. c. people have more work to do because they are assigned to special projects in addition to their regular tasks. d. employees have to report to more than one supervisor, which can cause confusion about who is in charge of certain situations. e. the quality of work decreases due to project teams' lack of attention to regular job duties.

Aplant manager is considering buying additional stamping machines to accommodate increasing demand. the alternatives are to buy 1 machine, 2 machines, or 3 machines. the profits realized under each alternative are a function of whether their bid for a recent defense contract is accepted or not. the payoff table below illustrates the profits realized (in $000's) based on the different scenarios faced by the manager. alternative bid accepted bid rejected buy 1 machine $10 $5 buy 2 machines $30 $4 buy 3 machines $40 $2 refer to the information above. assume that based on historical bids with the defense contractor, the plant manager believes that there is a 65% chance that the bid will be accepted and a 35% chance that the bid will be rejected. what is the expected value under perfect information (evpi)?