Which systems theory model of organizational behavior and change discusses the concepts of inputs, transformation processes, outputs, and feedback?

Bonds often pay a coupon twice a year. for the valuation of bonds that make semiannual payments, the number of periods doubles, whereas the amount of cash flow decreases by half. using the values of cash flows and number of periods, the valuation model is adjusted accordingly. assume that a $1,000,000 par value, semiannual coupon us treasury note with three years to maturity has a coupon rate of 3%. the yield to maturity (ytm) of the bond is 7.70%. using this information and ignoring the other costs involved, calculate the value of the treasury note:

In a fixed-term, level-payment reverse mortgage, sometimes called a reverse annuity mortgage, or ram, a lender agrees to pay the homeowner a monthly payment, or annuity, and expects to be repaid from the homeowner’s equity when he or she sells the home or obtains other financing to pay off the ram. consider a household that owns a $150,000 home free and clear of mortgage debt. the ram lender agrees to a $100,000 ram for 10 years at 6 percent. assume payments are made annually, at the beginning of each year to the homeowner. calculate the annual payment on the ram.

Jaguar has full manufacturing costs of their s-type sedan of £22,803. they sell the s-type in the uk with a 20% margin for a price of £27,363. today these cars are available in the us for $55,000 which is the uk price multiplied by the current exchange rate of $2.01/£. jaguar has committed to keeping the us price at $55,000 for the next six months. if the uk pound appreciates against the usd to an exchange rate of $2.15/£, and jaguar has not hedged against currency changes, what is the amount the company will receive in pounds at the new exchange rate?