5. Value is usually created when: the end user enjoys direct pleasure and satisfaction from a company’s product. a company survives but has no real competitive advantage over rivals. the steps in the production chain of a company are reduced. a company eliminates quality control processes as much as possible.

answer; someone must cover the cost associated with the provision of scarce goods in both sectors;

answerjointly by the fed and by the behavior of individuals who hold money and of banks in which money is held;

credit history is used by lenders to determine whether you are a 'risky' person to give their money to.

having a short history provide very little data for the lenders. they wouldn't be able to determine your credit behavior from such a small samples. even if they are perfect.

having long credit history with few blemishes provide larger and more accurate data for the lenders to predict your credit behavior.