A firm with earnings before interest and taxes of $500,000 needs $1 million of additional funds. If it issues debt, the bonds will mature after 20 years and pay interest of 8 percent. The firm could issue preferred stock with a dividend rate of 8 percent. The firm has 100,000 shares of common stock outstanding and is in the 30 percent income tax bracket. What are the (1) earnings per common share under the two alternatives, (2) the times-interest-earned if the firm uses debt financing, and (3) the times-dividend-earned if the firm uses preferred stock financing

                     Calculation of Earning Per Share

Particulars                                     Debt Alternative($)   Preferred Stock($)

Amount Required                                1,000,000                  1,000,000

Earning before Interest and Tax         500,000                     500,000

Less: Interest Cost(8%)                        80,000                                

Earning After Interest                          420,000                     500,000

Tax(30%)                                               126,000                      150,000

Earning After Tax                                 294,000                     350,000

Less: Dividend to Pref. Shares                                                80,000

Earning Avai. for C. Stockholders       294,000                     270,000

Outstanding shares                             100,000                     100,000

Earning Per Common Share               2.94                             2.70  

2. Times Interest Earned Ratio = EBIT / Interest

Times Interest Earned Ratio = 500,000 / 80,000

Times Interest Earned Ratio = 6.25 Times

3. Times Dividend Earned Ratio = Net Income / Preferred Dividend

Times Dividend Earned Ratio = 350,000 / 80,000

Times Dividend Earned Ratio = 4.375 Times

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