1. A company experiences annual demand of 1,000 units for an item that it purchases. The rate of demand per day is very stable, with very little variation from day to day. The item costs $50 to purchase. Ordering costs are $40 and the carrying cost is 25% of the cost of the item. a. How much should the company buy each time an order is placed? b. What is the associated total annual cost (TAC) considering purchase, holding and ordering?

Anew 2-lane road is needed in a part of town that is growing. at some point the road will need 4 lanes to handle the anticipated traffic. if the city's optimistic estimate of growth is used, the expansion will be needed in 4 years and has a probability of happening of 40%. for the most likely and pessimistic estimates, the expansion will be needed in 8 and 15 years respectively. the probability of the pessimistic estimate happening is 20%. the expansion will cost $ 4.2 million and the interest rate is 8%. what is the expected pw the expansion will cost?