As seen on an income statement: a. interest is deducted from income and increases the total taxes incurred.
b. depreciation reduces both the pretax income and the net income.
c. depreciation is shown as an expense but does not affect the taxes payable.
d. the tax rate is applied to the earnings before interest and taxes when the firm has both depreciation and interest expenses.
e. interest expense is added to earnings before interest and taxes to get pretax income.

b. depreciation reduces both the pretax income and the net income.

Explanation:

A financial statement is a written report that quantitatively describes a firm's financial health. Under the financial statements is a cash-flow statement, which is used to record the cash inflow and cash equivalents leaving a business firm.

Cash flow statement, also known as the statement of cash flows, contains financial information about operating, financial and investing activities.

An income statement comprises of the financial information about the income and expenses of an organization over a specific period of time.

Depreciation can be defined as the reduction of cost of a fixed asset systematically until the value of the asset becomes zero.

The Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) can be defined as a depreciation system that avails business owners or companies the ability and opportunity to recover or recoup the cost basis of physical assets that have experienced deterioration over a specific period of time.

In the United States of America, the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) is used mainly for tax purposes because it gives room for faster depreciation of a physical asset in its first years or initial usage and reduces depreciation as it is being used over a long period of time.

Generally, it can be deduced from an income statement that depreciation reduces both the pretax income and the net income of a business firm or an organization.

b. depreciation reduces both the pretax income and the net income.

Explanation:

As seen on an income statement: depreciation reduces both the pretax income and the net income.