Kirnon Clinic uses client-visits as its measure of activity. During July, the clinic budgeted for 3,800 client-visits, but its actual level of activity was 3,750 client-visits. The clinic has provided the following data concerning the formulas to be used in its budgeting: Fixed element per monthVariable element per client-visit Revenue - $40.20 Personnel expenses$36,200 $11.40 Medical supplies 2,200 8.20 Occupancy expenses 9,200 2.20 Administrative expenses 6,200 0.40 Total expenses$53,800 $22.20 The activity variance for net operating income in July would be closest to:

Wo firms, a and b, each currently dump 50 tons of chemicals into the local river. the government has decided to reduce the pollution and from now on will require a pollution permit for each ton of pollution dumped into the river. it costs firm a $100 for each ton of pollution that it eliminates before it reaches the river, and it costs firm b $50 for each ton of pollution that it eliminates before it reaches the river. the government gives each firm 20 pollution permits. government officials are not sure whether to allow the firms to buy or sell the pollution permits to each other. what is the total cost of reducing pollution if firms are not allowed to buy and sell pollution permits from each other? what is the total cost of reducing pollution if the firms are allowed to buy and sell permits from each other? a. $3,000; $1,500 b. $4,500; $3,500 c. $4,500; $4,000 d. $4,500; $2,500