Personal selling used to be more common.

True
False

Answer the following questions with true or false and provide a brief explanation (2- 3 sentences) a) economies of scale in production give rise to multi-product firms. b) ace hardware corporation is an example of economies of scale in production.

bradford, inc., expects to sell 9,000 ceramic vases for $21 each. direct materials costs are $3, direct manufacturing labor is $12, and manufacturing overhead is $3 per vase. the following inventory levels apply to 2019: beginning inventory ending inventory direct materials 3,000 units 3,000 units work-in-process inventory 0 units 0 units finished goods inventory 300 units 500 units what are the 2019 budgeted production costs for direct materials, direct manufacturing labor, and manufacturing overhead, respectively?

Consider two similar industries, portal crane manufacturing (pcm) and forklift manufacturing (flm). the pcm industry has exactly three incumbents with annual sales of $800 million, $200 million and $100 million, respectively. the flm industry has also exactly three incumbents, with annual sales of $500 million, $450 million and $400 million, respectively. which industry is more likely to experience a higher level of rivalry?