Solar Innovations Corporation bought a machine at the beginning of the year at a cost of $42,000. The estimated useful life was five years and the residual value was $5,000. Assume that the estimated productive life of the machine is 20,000 units. Expected annual production was year 1, 4,500 units; year 2, 5,500 units; year 3, 4,500 units; year 4, 4,500 units; and year 5, 1,000 units. Required: Complete a depreciation schedule for each of the alternative methods.
a. Straight-line.
b. Units-of-production.
c. Double-declining-balance.
Which method will result in the highest net income in year 2

Depreciation schedule for :

                  Straight-line    Units-of-production    Double-declining-balance

Year 1              $ 7,400                  $8,325                            $16,800

Year 2             $ 7,400                  $10,175                            $10,080

Year 3             $ 7,400                  $8,325                              $6,048

Year 4             $ 7,400                  $8,325                              $3,629

Year 5             $ 7,400                  $1,850                                $2,177

Straight Line Method will result in the highest Net Income. This is because it provides for the lowest charge of depreciation expense

Explanation:

Straight-line

Straight line method charges the same amount of depreciation (fixed  on cost) over the useful life of an asset.

Depreciation Charge = (Cost - Residual Value) ÷ Estimated Useful Life

                                   = ($42,000 - $5,000) ÷ 5

                                   = $ 7,400

Annual Straight line Depreciation Charge

Year 1  = $ 7,400

Year 2 = $ 7,400

Year 3 = $ 7,400

Year 4 = $ 7,400

Year 5 = $ 7,400

Units of Production

Depreciation Charge = (Cost - Residual Value) / Total Expected Production × Period`s Production

Therefore,

Depreciation Charge = Rate of depreciation × Period`s Production

then,

Rate of depreciation = ($42,000 - $5,000) / 20,000 units

                                   = $1.85 per unit of production

Annual Units of Production Deprecation Charge

Year 1  = 4,500 units × $1.85 = $8,325

Year 2 = 5,500 units × $1.85 = $10,175

Year 3 = 4,500 units × $1.85 = $8,325

Year 4 = 4,500 units × $1.85 = $8,325

Year 5 = 1,000 units × $1.85 = $1,850

Double-declining-balance.

Depreciation Expense = 2 × SLDP × BVSLDP

Where,

SLDP = 100 ÷ Number of useful life

         = 100 ÷ 5

         =  20 %

Annual Double-declining-balance Expense

Year 1 = 2 × 20% × $42,000

          = $16,800

Year 2 = 2 × 20% × ($42,000 - $16,800)

           = $10,080

Year 3 = 2 × 20% × ($42,000 - $16,800 - $10,080)

           = $6,048

Year 4 = 2 × 20% × ($42,000 - $16,800 - $10,080 - $6,048)

           = $3,629

Year 5 = 2 × 20% × ($42,000 - $16,800 - $10,080 - $6,048- $3,629)

           = $2,177

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